Archives for June 2015

What to Do If Your Dog is Scared of the Vet

dog

Is Your Dog is Scared of the Vet?

It’s quite common for dogs to be scared of going to see the vet. If this is the case for your pet, it can be a traumatic experience for both of you. Dogs that are frightened of what may lie in wait can tremble, pant, struggle, attempt to flee and become aggressive once they realise where they are. This fear could kick in when they get to the examination table itself or it may be so extreme that they refuse to get out of the car and go inside.

In an ideal world, it’s always better to be able to prepare your dog for their very first visit to the vet so that they are not afraid for future trips but even if they are already scared, it is possible to encourage your dog to tolerate and accept visits to the vet.

Why It Happens

For most dogs, they are frightened because they fear that the experience will be traumatic. This isn’t helped by the fact that most appointments will involve physical examinations and maybe blood tests, which can be confusing and uncomfortable for pets. If your pet is visiting the vet because they are already feeling ill (rather than a routine check-up), these type of factors can reinforce the idea that going to the vets is not a nice experience.

Helping Your Dog to Overcome Their Fear

You may worry that it’s too late to change your dog’s perceptions of going to the vet but in most cases, you can help them to be less anxious about visits. Here are some tips for tackling your dog’s fear of the vet.

Make Social Calls

Most dogs only go to the vet once or twice a year for check-ups or if something is wrong outside of this. They therefore come to associate the vet surgery with unpleasant experiences such as examinations and tests. Making random social visits to the surgery can help to break this perception, especially if they are given fuss and treats by staff and can see the place in a different light. In time, they may build a positive association, rather than a negative one.

Dog Appeasing pheromones

Many dogs react well to the use of dog appeasing pheromones. These pheromones replicate the pheromones that a mother dog naturally emits to her puppies to calm and comfort them. Using an Adaptil collar in the lead up to, and during, a trip to the vet may help reduce their anxiety.

‘Practice’ Examinations at Home

Vet visits can be unnerving for your dog because they are not used to the hands-on nature of a physical examination. You can reduce this confusion by performing ‘mock’ examinations at home. This can be as simple as spending some time each day on checking their ears, eyes, mouth and other body parts so that they can get used to the idea of this happening. Give them treats throughout to make this a more enjoyable experience.

Use Treats

Treats can be used to build a more positive association to help your dog to feel better about being at the vets. You can give them treats when they get on the examination table, for example., particularly if you have been doing ‘mock’ examinations at home and using treats as a reward for complying.

Can You Be Present?

Depending on the surgery, it may be the norm to take pets into another room to do blood tests and other simple procedures. This separation from you can cause more distress for your dog so it’s worth asking if you can be there with them throughout to reduce their anxiety.

While your vet and other staff are trained to handle pets, your dog may be more comfortable if you restrain them (if you know how best to do this), with back up support from them if needed. The main exception to this is if you’re feeling apprehensive and stressed about the visit. Your dog is likely to pick up on your anxiety, which can then increase their own distress.

If All Else Fails

If your dog is still troubled by going to see the vet, it may be worth consulting a behavioural specialist – especially if they are aggressive during visits or are showing extreme signs of fear that interferes with the ability to carry out examinations and tests.

[Photo Credit:  pmarkham]

 

Horse Grooming Tips

Horse Grooming Tips

Do you ever wish that your horse’s coat looked as good as a show horse? You might be surprised to know that it’s not actually all that expensive to keep your horse impressively well groomed – but it can take a lot of effort and care.

Grooming your horse can have big benefits for keeping them clean and massaging their skin, and also helps to strengthen your bond. It also gives you an opportunity to recognise any physical problems that will require treatment by your vet. These Horse Grooming Tips may help:

Basic Horse Grooming Kit

Your grooming kit should include the following items:

  • A dandy brush to remove old hair, dried sweat and dirt
  • A body brush
  • A rubber curry comb to remove mud-caked and matted hair
  • A water brush for use on the mane, tail and hoofs
  • A stable rubber for polishing the coat
  • A hoof pick
  • Sponges for cleaning your horse
  • A metal curry comb for cleaning the body brush

Pre-Exercise Grooming

Known as quartering, pre-ride grooming starts with picking out your horse’s feet and using a damp sponge to clean their eyes, muzzle and dock areas. For the main aspect of quartering, a body brush is used on the head, neck, chest and forelegs, and on the mane and tail after any stable stains are removed with a water brush.

Post-Exercise Grooming

Known as  strapping, post-exercise grooming should only happen after your horse has fully cooled down. Firstly, use a dandy brush to get rid of dirt and sweat. Next, switch to a body brush on the mane and use circular motions in the same direction of the hair on the forelocks before moving onto the head and tail areas. Clean the brush with a metal curry comb every few strokes and tap the comb frequently to release trapped dirt.

Wipe around your horse’s eyes, lips, muzzle and nostrils with a damp sponge before using a water brush on the mane and the outsides of the feet. As the final touches, use a slightly wet stable rubber all over the coat for added gloss and apply hoof oil to the feet.

In the beginning, strapping may take some time but with practice, you should be able to get it done within forty-five minutes. This may seem like a long time but think of it as valuable bonding time with your horse, with the added bonus of helping them to look good!

Keeping Your Horse’s Coat Looking Good

Dark coats can fade with exposure to the sun, especially when sweat also enters the equation. If your hose gets sweaty, clean them up before you allow them to spend time in the sun. Giving your horse lots of access to shade can also help to prevent fading, as can covering them with a sheet.

If your horse has white areas on their coat, you’ll know how difficult it can be to keep them looking pristine and non-grubby. Using blue shampoo can be hugely effective for getting rid of stains and marks on light coloured coats and making them look brighter and whiter. If you don’t have any access to this, mixing baking soda with water can be another alternative for freshening up light areas.

If you have any other Horse Grooming Tips please let us know.

[Photo Credit:  vtengr4047]

Allergies and Itchy Skin in Cats and Dogs

Bath time - Itchy skin and allergiesJust as in humans, allergies can cause irritated, itchy skin in both cats and dogs.  Many dogs suffer from allergies – with fleas, house dust mites and pollens being among the most common allergens; which means signs may vary with the seasons, being particularly bad in spring and summer.  A proportion of the canine population also suffer from atopy: an allergic, very itchy skin condition which is in part a genetic abnormality and also a problem with the skin’s natural defence.  There are three areas to consider when helping to relieve itchy skin:

  1. Getting rid of the allergens from the skin
  2. Helping to repair and improve the skin barrier
  3. Soothing the irritation

Bath time

Bathing your dog is a helpful way to relieve itchy skin, because if the correct shampoo is used, it can remove allergens and help to restore the skin’s protective barrier.   Some products even contain ingredients with anti-inflammatory properties to help reduce skin irritation.

Selecting a shampoo

When selecting a shampoo, the most important thing is to pick one specifically formulated for your dog’s skin.   Dogs’ skin has a different pH to humans, so human shampoos are simply not suitable, even ‘baby’ shampoos are too acidic and may lead to further skin irritation.  Veterinary-developed shampoos, such as those in Virbac’s range, are ideal.

Allermyl® has been specially formulated to help dogs suffering from irritated skin caused by allergies.   It is a soothing, medicated shampoo that removes allergens and helps to restore and maintain your pet’s epidermal (skin) barrier.   It contains special ‘Spherulite® Technology’ which extends the benefits of the shampoo by releasing the active ingredients progressively over time, even after you have rinsed your cat and dog.

Bath time with your dog can be fun and will help to bring relief to their skin but do ensure you follow the shampoo’s instructions carefully.  Dog shampoos differ from human products – they shouldn’t lather for a start! You need to use the right product, the right amount and ensure that the product is in contact with your pet’s skin for the recommended amount of time before rinsing off.

Happy bath time!

 

If you have any concerns about your dog’s skin, please consult your vet.

 

[Photo credit: Shoehorn99]

 

My visit to the Galgos del Sol Dog Rescue Centre, Murcia, Spain

Our resident Veterinary Nurse and SQP, Sarah Olen, recently visited the Galgos del Sol Rescue Centre, Murcia, Spain to volunteer for a few days. Below, she tells us all about it!

Sarah and a Spanish Galgo

Sarah and a Spanish Galgo

“I’m owned by a Spanish Galgo called Felipe (it’s a dog!). He’s a Spanish Greyhound and they are used for hunting Hares in Spain. When the hunting season ends they are deemed worthless  or too costly to maintain and are destroyed in a variety of inhumane ways — including being hanged, dumped into abandoned wells, shot, and even burned to death. The lucky ones are handed into a rescue centre or caught roaming the streets. Felipe was found wandering the streets of Seville and was taken to Galgos del Sol (GDS) where he was later transported to England and I gave him a forever home.

GDS is run by Tina Wales Solera and an ever changing team of volunteers. The rescue centre is spread between two Finca’s which not ideal as lots of time is wasted travelling between the two. I stayed at was affectionally called “ The Old Finca “ which I shared with fifty Galgo’s, Podencos, Spanish Mastins and the resident mouse ! The Galgo’s are housed in several  packs which isn’t ideal as fights can kick off in seconds; my vet nursing skills came in useful several times while I was there. There were a further fifty  Galgos housed at a second Finca several miles away.

The shy corner - Galgos del Sol

The shy corner

My day started at 7am, no need to wash or put clean clothes on because I was covered in dog poop within seconds ! My daily tasks included washing out the pens, poo picking the land, replenishing the water buckets, feeding and vet treatments etc. There were several  lots of Galgo’s that had behavioural problems, these were housed in a pack in an area called “The Shy Corner”. Any spare time was spent trying to interact with these poor hounds.

One of my tasks whilst I was there was to Frontline all the dogs, one hundred of them ! It wasn’t long before I realised that some of them looked alike and that’s when my mobile phone came in handy to photograph every collar so we knew which ones we had done.

GDS are in the process of trying to raise thousands of pounds to build a new rescue centre to house at least four hundred Galgo’s. So far they have purchased the land, water, electricity and fencing. Please take a look at their website www.galgosdelsol.org , they also have a Facebook page which has some very amusing videos.

Sarah”.

Epilepsy in Dogs – Symptoms & Treatment

epilepsy in dogs

There is no cure for the condition but as with humans epilepsy in dogs, there are medications that can reduce the occurrence of seizures so that your dog is able to enjoy a better quality of life.

What is Epilepsy?

Epilepsy is a disease characterised by seizures, though seizures can be caused by other underlying conditions. Epileptic seizures are caused by abnormal activity in the brain. The reasons for this are not always fully known, and your vet may not be able to pinpoint exactly why your dog is epileptic.

Signs of Epilepsy in Dogs

During a seizure, your dog will lose consciousness and will usually become stiff, fall onto one side and make “padding” movements with their legs. Some dogs will also cry out and/or may lose control of their bowels and/or bladder function. Although it may seem a lot longer, most seizures last for 1-3 minutes.

Most seizures happen while dogs are resting or will rarely occur during physical activity. They can be more common at night or during the evening. You may spot patterns with regards to when they are most likely to occur but it can be erratic.

Some dogs are aware of an impending seizure and will choose to lie quietly beside you or act in a particular way prior to the onset of a seizure. This can help you to recognise when your dog is about to experience a seizure but there may not always be any indication that it is about to happen.

After a seizure, some dogs will go straight back to what they were doing before it occurred. In other cases, they can become disorientated and confused for up to 24 hours. For most seizures the grand mal tonic-clonic seizure activity will last up to a couple of minutes, but from the onset of the aura phase to full recovery can take many hours. It’s relatively common for dogs to follow a pattern after having a seizure such as drinking from their water bowl.

When to See a Vet

Even if your dog experiences a seizure for the first time, it’s a good idea to speak to your vet to notify them of the occurrence. On this occasion, they may suggest that you just monitor the situation and see if your dog has any further but if there are further episodes, they will want to investigate further.

If your dog has a seizure lasting for more than 5 minutes or repeated seizures in quick succession, contact your vet as a matter of urgency – even if this is the first time that they have had a seizure.

Seizures can potentially be caused by conditions other than epilepsy and your vet will want to rule out other factors.

A video is better than a detailed description to determine if it appears to be a seizure.  Watching the clock is the main thing to do.  MRI scans and blood tests won’t determine whether a dog is epileptic – seizures do that, these are diagnostic tests to contribute to ruling out an underlying cause and confirming a diagnosis of idiopathic epilepsy.

Treatment for Epilepsy in Dogs

Medication such as Epiphen, Pexion and Libromide can help to control seizures. This won’t actually cure epilepsy in dogs but it should reduce the number of seizures that occur. Your dog may therefore still experience seizures now and again.

Once treatment starts, it will usually need to be continued for the rest of your dog’s life. If treatment stops suddenly, it can bring on seizures. Your vet will keep a close check on your dog’s situation, especially in the early days after treatment begins. Regular blood tests will be needed to continue to check health parameters and may be needed to evaluate the blood levels of therapeutic agents used.

[Photo Credit: MSVG]

Treating and Preventing Constipation in Cats

cat on toilet

Just like humans, cats can experience problems in performing bowel movements. Ordinarily, cats will usually have at least one solid bowel movement per day but if they become constipated, they will not be able to do this. Straining to defecate and only passing small, hard faeces are prominent indications that your cat is suffering from constipation. Other symptoms may also be present such as a lack of appetite, weight loss, vomiting and diarrhoea. If constipation becomes a chronic occurrence, it can lead to more serious problems within the digestive system.

Preventing Constipation in Cats

Cats can become constipated for a number of reasons, including

  • Dehydration (a leading cause of mild constipation)
  • Not getting enough fibre in their diet
  • Hairballs (as a result of excessive self-grooming or inadequate grooming for long-haired breeds)
  • Impacted or abscessed anal glands
  • Swallowing foreign objects
  • As a side effect of medication
  • Tumours and other intestinal obstructions
  • Neurological problems
  • Nerve damage
  • Underlying medical conditions
  • Behavioural issues (which can be caused by factors such as an unclean litter tray, being unwilling to share a litter tray with other cats in the household or not wanting to go to the toilet outside, for example)

Is Constipation a Cause for Concern?

As an infrequent occurrence, constipation isn’t necessarily a cause for concern. Chronic constipation is a bigger worry and is a sign that something is not right. If on-going constipation is not rectified, it could lead to serious problems within your cat’s digestive system. The colon may be affected by chronic constipation, to the point that it becomes unnaturally enlarged and loses the ability to contract. This can lead to it becoming totally blocked and preventing elimination from happening at all.

Treating Constipation in Cats

Treatment for your cat’s constipation will depend on the cause of the situation and its severity. Mild constipation may be treated by introducing extra fibre into the diet or by temporarily using a stool softener to make it easier to eliminate. In more serious cases of constipation, your vet may recommend that your cat undergoes an enema to remove faeces. Surgery may be needed if an obstruction is the underlying cause of your cat’s constipation.

Preventing Constipation in Cats

For the most part, understanding what has initially caused your cat’s constipation will be key for preventing further occurrences in the future.

If it has been caused by lifestyle factors, these will need to be addressed to avoid a repeat situation. Making sure that your cat has access to clean and fresh water throughout the day (to avoid dehydration), gets adequate exercise and is groomed regularly to minimise hairballs are key to reduce the chances of your cat becoming constipated in the future.

If behavioural problems are a strong factor, this will need to be tackled by measures such as offering your cat a separate litter tray that is only for their use and making sure that their litter tray is cleaned out at least once per day or that a second litter tray is available for when the original one is dirty.

[Photo Credit: trainedcat]

Why Does Your Cat Sneeze Constantly?

cat sneezing

Does Your Cat Sneeze Constantly?

If your cat is only sneezing occasionally and has no other obvious symptoms, it’s not usually a big cause for concern. Repeated bouts of sneezing or relentless sneezing can be caused by a respiratory infection or things that irritate your cat’s nasal passages.

Respiratory Infections

Viral infections can cause sneezing and are contagious. For cats, a viral infection is closer to flu than a common cold as it can require treatment for a full recovery.

Feline herpes virus and feline calicivirus are two of the most common viral infections that your cat could develop but other infections can include Feline Infectious Peritonitis, Feline Immunodeficiency Virus and feline leukaemia. There are vaccines that can protect your cat against viral infections such as feline herpes virus and feline calicivirus.

Cats who are suffering from a viral infection can be more likely to develop secondary bacterial infections that can require antibiotics. Cats can therefore recover from the initial respiratory infection of their accord but may need treatment for a secondary infection.

Allergens and Irritants

Sneezing that only happens from time to time could be caused by an allergen that they have inhaled or something that is irritating your cat’s nasal passages. There could be numerous culprits for this but common allergens and irritants can include:

  • Cigarette smoke
  • Perfume
  • Cat litter (particularly the fine kind that produces dust)
  • Cleaning products
  • Dust
  • Pollen
  • Mould

If you suspect that inhaled allergens are to blame for your cat’s sneezing, you may want to remove common causes on a one-by-one basis to see if you can pinpoint them.

If your cat is actually allergic to something in the home or atmosphere, they may also have itchy skin and their eyes and/or nose may be runny as well as sneezing.

Dental Problems

It may not seem like the most obvious link but a problem with your cat’s teeth can potentially cause sneezing. An infection or inflammation of a tooth root is the most likely culprit in this scenario. This will result in drainage leaking into the sinuses, which can then lead to sneezing. Your vet will advise if this problem is to blame for your cat’s sneezing.

Is Sneezing a Cause for Concern?

If your cat’s sneezing only happens on an intermittent basis, you may decide to monitor them over the next couple of days to see if any patterns emerge.

Continuous sneezing can be a sign that your cat has developed an illness that will require veterinary care. You should consult your vet as a matter of urgency if any of the following symptoms are also present:

  • Sneezing blood
  • Wheezing and/or coughing
  • Significant nasal discharge (particularly if this is green or yellow)
  • Fever
  • Weight loss
  • Lack of appetite
  • Enlarged lymph nodes
  • Breathing difficulties

Treatment will depend on the cause of your cat’s sneezing. In some cases, it may simply involve making your cat more comfortable, possibly using a humidifier. If illness is to blame, antibiotics and other treatment may be needed.

[Photo Credit:Tommy Hemmert Olesen]

Is Your Horse Stressed? Managing Stress in Horses

Stress in Horses

Did you know that stress can also affect animals? Many domestic horses experience stress as a result of their environment and the symptoms are not always as obvious as you might think. Here are some tips for spotting signs of equine stress and how to help your horse to live stress-free.

Why Stress Occurs and How to Manage Stress in Horses

Mammals are designed to react to threatening situations so that they can flee to safety. This “fight or flight” survival instinct was invaluable for staying alive but these days,it can be an unwelcome hindrance – not least because a lot of modern stress is emotional.

In some cases, stress in horses will be caused by travelling or competing in shows. In other cases, it can be predominantly caused by environmental factors. In the wild, horses would live in herds and this would provide companionship, safety and security, despite the threat of physical attack. Most domestic horses live in small areas with no close companions. While most owners will assume that this is a better environment with improved security but from a horse’s perspective, it can actually be a big a source of distress as it is so different to their typical habitat in the wild.

Environmental factors that can lead to equine stress include having stressful social interactions or no social bonds, a lack of perceived safety (that would usually come from the herd), changes in feeding routines or a lack of variety of foods (such as grasses, herbs and shrubs), a lack of natural stimuli, and lack of exercise.

Signs of Stress in Horses

The signs of equine stress can vary depending on the cause of stress, their environment and their personality. This can manifest itself in behavioural changes, tense and sore muscles (especially in the neck and shoulders), weight loss, excessive sweating, loss of appetite, copious defecation and urination, equine ulcers, excessive yawning, intestinal complaints such as colic and diarrhoea and tooth grinding. While these type of symptoms can indicate that your horse is stressed, it’s important to speak to a vet to make sure that there are no underlying health factors at fault instead.

Horses that are more inclined to release stress through their behaviour may toss their head and engage in kicking, running, bucking, weaving, cribbing and pawing as ways to try to let off steam. This can often be mis-labelled as behavioural problems when it is actually stress that is the culprit.

Managing and Preventing Equine Stress

You can minimise stress for your horse by making sure that their environment, has minimal possible stressful stimuli, throws up as little discomfort and distress as possible. This includes regular turnout, and plenty of access to quality and varied food, water and nurture. Minimising changes to your horse’s environment as far as possible will also help, and this includes changes to their routine.

[Photo Credit:  diana_robinson]

Top Dog Friendly Pubs in Britain

Dog Friendly Pubs

When it comes to taking your dog out and about, not all pubs will allow our furry friends to accompany you onto the premises. This can be problematic if you’re planning to take your dog on holiday and want to visit a pub or two while you’re there. Thankfully, there are a growing number of pubs that will happily welcome dogs – some Dog Friendly Pubs we’re highlighting in this blog post.

  1. TheHorseandJockey(Chorlton, Manchester) This pub not only welcomes dogs, it actually goes out of its way to cater for them – including a beef flavoured doggie beer so your pooch can drink with you. Unsurprisingly, this attention to detail was a key factor in winning a Kennel Club Open Award for best dog friendly
  2. TheLaconArms (Hemsby, Norfolk) This beachside pub is very dog friendly and even has its own dog in the form of Zuri. It won the Best Pub/Bar category in the 2014 Be Dog Friendly Awards due to its dog friendly credentials.
  3. TheRedLionandSun (Highgate Village, London) This London pub welcomes well behaved dogs and even takes photos of its four-legged visitors – some of which are displayed on the website and inside the pub itself.
  4. TheBasketMakersArms (Brighton) Another of Brighton’s many dog friendly pubs, this traditional, friendly and lively establishment is regularly featured in the top 20 best pubs in the country. Amongst its attractions is home-made organic food that aims to be locally sourced (as far as possible).
  5. TheLordNelson(Southwold, Suffolk) This small, friendly and extremely popular pub is located in the English seaside town of Southwold in Suffolk. Dogs are extremely welcome here.
  6. ArchipelagosTavern(Brighton) Rated as one of the most popular restaurants in Brighton, this small Greek eatery welcomes dogs but due to the lack of space, it can get quite cramped on busy
  7. ThePrinceAlbert (Battersea, London) Located across the road from Battersea Park, this is a highly dog friendly pub in London.

How to Find Dog Friendly Pubs

If none of the above pubs are an option for you, there are several websites that can help you to find pubs that will welcome dogs on their premises. Whether you’re looking for a local to use while you’re away or you’re curious as to whether any of the pubs in your area will allow you to bring your dog as part of a day out, these directories could prove invaluable:

  • DoggiePubs – Over 5,000 dog friendly pubs are featured here. Pubs cannot pay to be included – all listings are based on recommendations for dog owners so you can be confident of the kind of reception that your pet will receive (and get an idea of the service on offer).
  • DogFriendlyBritain– As well as pubs, dog friendly accommodation, cafes, restaurants, beaches, attractions/days out and services are all listed here.
  • DogPeople – The interactive map highlights dog friendly pubs around the UK, and there are also listings for accommodation, days out, walks and beaches.
  • PetsAllowed– Pet friendly accommodation and eating places are highlighted here. It is a relatively new offering and has not yet built up a big list of pet friendly businesses so you may find it less useful than some of the other directories.
  • DrivingWithDogs – Find dog friendly pubs, walks, beaches, accommodation, campsites and dog services throughout the UK.

[Photo Credit: ChodHound ]